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Framing Africa: Media Frames and Humanitarian
Crises
by Devin Smart, 2007 Journalism Scholar
This study examines how framing affects the coverage of humanitarian crises
in Africa. Specifically, it looks at how the amount and depth of the coverage
changes when a crisis’ frame switches from a “coup,”
“ethnic conflict,” “revolt,” or other terms associated
with warfare, to “genocide,” “ethnic cleansing,”
or other like terms. To do this, samples of coverage from three recent
crises in Africa were analyzed: the coup in Burundi in 1993, the genocide
in Rwanda in 1994, and the current genocide and refugee crisis in Darfur,
Sudan. This study found that when the frame changes to “genocide,”
“ethnic cleansing,” or other like terms that it can produce
more in-depth reporting, better placement in the newspaper, a larger overall
volume of reporting, and the story may be covered for a longer period
of time. However, the study also found that this effect can be negated
by outside variables. —> |
Framing
Iraq: Judith Miller's War on Terror
by Ciara O'Rourke, 2008 Journalism Scholar
Between Sept. 11, 2001 and the first U.S. air raids in Iraq March 19,
2003, Judith Miller produced a series of articles covering the search
and alleged discovery of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. Granted
access to high-ranking administration officials in the White House, Miller
frequently reported leaked information without attribution affirming Bush's
rationale to invade. Such stories repeatedly made front-page news at The
New York Times during a period of political indecision. By echoing the
administration's rhetoric and uncritically reporting information from
the White House, Pentagon and Iraqi defectors, Miller framed the invasion
as an extension of the war on terror and acted as a vehicle for war propaganda
that effectively influenced the collective attitude in favor of invasion.
—>
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