Environmental Toxicology 2:
Applied Environmental Toxicology
ENVR 456/556 - Winter Quarter 2013
Paper Form and Function
The paper should be no more than 10 typewritten 1.5 line-spaced pages including figures and graphs but not including references. Margins should be 1 inch all around. Fonts should be 10-12 in size and can be arial, times, times new roman, helvetica or geneva. References should be cited in the literature as in the example below. All material not your own requires a citation and in the case of this paper almost every fact should have a reference. References should be prepared as in the examples provided, incorrect citations will result in the paper being returned to the author and classified as late.
No page numbers and the paper will be returned. The papers will be turned in as pdf files with your last name and 456 as the file name (example Smith456.pdf).
Textbooks, such as Newman or Landi, Sofield and Yu, are not suitable primary literature sources and should not be cited. However, both texts refer to the primary literature, which can be cited.
It is important that figures and tables be clearly presented and the source of the information in them cited. The style of figures and tables should be consistent with that seen in journals such as Environmental Science and Technology,Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry or Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. Be sure to add the citations for the figures to the reference section of the paper. Unless you created the figure it must be cited.
Sample Text
Along with the traditional evaluation methods, non-metric clustering (NMC) will be evaluated as a tool for discriminating community patterns. Initially, the NMC algorithm will be developed using data obtained from earlier SAM experiments using brass dust, copper sulfate, and the riot control material CR as toxicants (Landis et al. 1988a, 1988b; Haley et al. 1988; Landis et al. 1989; Haley et al. in press). Water-soluble fractions (WSF) of the jet fuels (Jet A, JP-4, JP-8, and shale derived JP-4) will be used as the toxicants for the multispecies evaluations.
References-Citations
Munns WR Jr, Beyer WN, Landis WG, Menzie C. 2002. What is a population? SETAC Globe 3:29–31.
Obery AM, Landis WG. A regional multiple stressor risk assessment of the Codorus Creek watershed applying the relative risk model. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 8:405–428.
Stark JD, Banks JE, Roger V. 2004. How risky is risk assessment: The role that life history strategies play in susceptibility of species to stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:732–736.
Wu J, David JL. 2002. A spatially explicit hierarchical approach to modeling complex ecological systems: Theory and applications. Ecol Model 153:7–26.
Wu J, Loucks OL. 1995. From balance of nature to hierarchical patch dynamics: A paradigm shift in ecology. Q Rev Biol 70:439–466.
Suggested Topics for Review Papers
Here are some broad and some not so broad topic suggestions for papers. Be sure to narrow the scope down so that it is within the guidelines that have been provided.
- Quantitatvie structure activity relationships between structure and chronic toxicity
- Establishing causal relationships between contaminants and ecological impacts
- Phylogenetic relationships and comparative sensitivity to classes of toxicants
- Behavioral toxicology
- Impacts of the Alberta tar sands
- Correspondence between human and ecological toxicology
- Microcosm-mesocosm studies and their effectiveness as toxicity tests
- The statistical analysis of effects upon macrobenthic communities due to xenobiotics
- The Canadian monitoring program for pulp and paper mill effluents
- Watershed and landscape scale ecological toxicology
- Effects of toxicants upon population level characteristics
- Detection of effects at the population scale
- Landscape ecotoxicology
- Design of field sampling to detect the impacts of point sources
- Methods of measuring the toxicity of marine sediments
There are also a number of related areas as well, please check with me before proceeding with a topic outside this list.