Crafting Questions

Helpful Tips for Creating Reliable and Valid Classroom Tests, James A Wollack, UW-Madison Teaching Academy. Useful information on writing and grading tests, including how to make them more reliable overall.
Invent the Quiz, The K. Patricia Cross Academy, students write a limited number of test questions related to recent learning module and then create an answer sheet, or alternately a model answer and scoring sheet, to accompany the test questions.
Is This a Trick Question? A Short Guide to Writing Effective Test Questions, Ben Clay, Kansas Curriculum Center. Extremely detailed guide covering how to write proper test questions for a variety of test types.
Handbook of Learner Evaluation & Test Items Construction, Scoring Office, Michigan State University. Longer article with information on essential characteristics of test writers, general exam-writing tips, and specific tips for crafting different types of questions.

14 Rules For Writing Multiple-Choice Questions, Timothy W. Bothell, Faculty Center, Brigham Young University. Includes how to "hide" the correct answer and things to avoid.
Preparing Effective Essay Questions, Christian M. Reiner, et al., Brigham Young University. Booklet covering all parts of the essay question. Long source, but particularly useful pages 22-23.
Question-Type Selction Guide, Faculty Innovation Center, University of Texas at Austin, excellent overview of question types and when/how/why to use them.
Short Answer & Essay Tests, Learn Center, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater. Includes tips for writing effective test questions, and strategies to properly use short answer and essays on test.
Improving Your Test Questions, Center for Innovation in Teaching & Learning, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Explanation of matching questions, and tips for making them easy to understand and not leading.
Writing Good Multiple Choice Test Questions, Cynthia J. Brame, CFT Assistant Director, Vanderbilt University. Advantages of well-written multiple choice questions, how to write effective stems and alternatives, and how to include higher-order thinking.
How to Write Test Questions, The Office of Measurement Services, University of Minnesota. Advantages and disadvantages of true-false questions on an exam and guidelines for creating and implementing them.